Thursday, May 28, 2020

American expat actor in Taiwan makes splash in Japanese-Taiwanese co-production of popular 3-part TV drama "Taiwan Express" now available with 3 episodes with English subtitles thanks to a group of global subbers in Tokyo: reruns NHK and PTS esp 1,2 and 3 June 14, 21, 28


Gary Gitchel 
Photo of Gary Gitchel 

Interview conducted by blogger Dan Bloom in Taiwan
RERUNS of show in Taiwan and Japan on June 14, 21 and 28, all 3 eps

10 minute video of ''Taiwan Express'' TRAILER: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H0astxpavIg

Exclusive interview with Gary Gitchel in Taipei on this page: in his own words, the inside story on how he got the gig, how the drama was filmed and where, and why it's become a hit in Japan where actress Haru commands a huge fanbase there. NOTE: all 3 episodes are now available with English subtitles online at a free website. For details and links contact this blogger or leave query in comments below. FREE ENGLISH SUBTITLES HERE:https://www2.dramacool.movie/ru-taiwan-express-episode-2.html

MORE VIDEO OF SHOW HERE: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CGE5Zt4Vi40

日劇】路~台灣特快人物介紹+劇情簡介@ 日劇推薦-非零分享:: 痞客邦::

QUESTION: How did you get cast as Jack Bart and when was the audition?

2-minute video trailer of the TV show: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CpfAc7L9I3w
GARY: I had just completed shooting the PTS TV series “Lady Butterfly” in September 2019. The casting director on that show, Benjamine Ho, called me one Friday afternoon in early October and asked me if I was free, something about a Japanese director. I threw on my business suit and took an Uber over to the production office in Xinyi District, knowing nothing about the show. Benjamine met me at the building entrance and hustled me up to a conference room. Details were basically exchanged in the elevator. I was escorted into a large room and there were about 10 or more Japanese producers from NHK. They had a translator explain the story to me and the scope of the project, explaining that we would shoot several months equally in Taiwan and Japan. The meeting went well, lasting about 45 minutes. I finally told the director “I’m your guy” and he came around the table and gave me a big hug. The whole thing was an actor’s dream. Although I am not 100% certain, I think that I was the only guy for the part of Jack that they ever saw. I never read the script or auditioned during that meeting, we just chatted. 

MORE VIDEO OF SHOW HERE: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LbxhMaEgSZk




GARY: There's an interesting evolution on Jack’s name. In the novel from 2012 that was written by a Japanese novelist and became the story for the TV series, in the 1st draft script, his name was ''Jacques Barth''. By the time an English translation script was delivered to me, he became "Jack Barth." In the credits and publicity materials it is Jack Bart -- I believe the Japanese side had some trouble pronouncing the “th”, it came out as a hard “t” in the filming when my name is used, and so it became “Bart”.
The Taiwan High Speed Rail (HSR) was one the first public-private partnerships in the world and also the largest civil engineering project in the world at that time. The partnership bid out and hired many different engineering firms from around the world to work on various elements of the project. Jack Bart in the TV series, the part I play, is the general manager of that consortium. He was “the-buck-stops-here” guy. 
In the script it was never defined what Jack’s age was. Note that the timeline of the story is over 8 years. Jack is American in the series. The real-life character that Jack is based on was a Frenchman. I am 66, but have always looked younger. I still play 40 year olds all the time. They did dye my hair for the production, taking out all the grey….



QUESTION: How many weeks or months did filming last?


GARY: Principal photography began in late November in Taipei. We shot in Taiwan at various locations until the first week of January 2020. Then production moved back to Japan. We shot all the interiors of the HSR boardroom at NHK Studios in Tokyo. Photography wrapped on February 28, 2020.


QUESTION: You spoke what sounded like Japanese in Episode 2. Did you read words from script in roman letters to do that scene?


GARY: Actually, I did not speak any Japanese in the show. You may be referring to the scene in Episode 2 where I go ballistic on Anzai in the boardroom and jump up into his face. That was English, but I was so pissed off that I guess it might have sounded Japanese...

QUESTION: Has there been any news of the TV show and you in USA newspapers or websites yet, like thewrap.com in Hollywood or the Los Angeles Times? Or in Japan in English language newspapers like The Japan Times or in Taiwan like The Taipei Times?
GARY: There has been no awareness of the show in the U.S. that I know of -- and I have been watching the trades. However, in Japan it seems to be developing into a phenom. Haru the star is extremely popular in Japan, I think kind of like a Julia Roberts type of image. You should check out the NHK feedback forums on the show. Lots and lots of fanboys and girls. Ah, Japan!...



QUESTION: Was the show mostly a NHK production or 50/50 with PTS TV in Taipei, Taiwan's public service network?


GARY: I don’t know the specific split on financing between NHK and PTS. However, the director was Japanese, the photography crew were all Japanese except for the “C” camera who were all Taiwanese. All the line producers were Japanese. Support services were all Taiwanese while shooting in Taiwan, but only the C camera crew traveled to Japan. 


QUESTION: The experience of working on that high-profile TV series (high-profiled in Japan and Taiwan) must have been a personal high for you as an expat actor in Asia, no?


GARY: Definitely a very rewarding gig on many levels.
1) The part provided me a chance to do a deep dive into the HSR development history, along with additional research on the Shinkansen. There are actually a handful of Western guys still living in Taiwan who worked on the HSR, and they were an invaluable source of info. I love history and I love trains, having had the chance to ride the Shinkansen and the TGF during my life.
2) The Japanese production values and team were top-notch professionals. Everything was unbelievably efficient every day.
3) The cast was excellent and a pleasure to work with.
4) The challenge, oh, the challenges!!
Language was a real thing on this set. The director spoke no English or Mandarin. So we all had translators/handlers. In my case she was trilingual. A typical day in Tokyo at NHK was: the director watched all the shooting in a control room on another floor. After each take, he would radio directions to the Assistant Director on the set. The AD would relay those directions to my translator. She would translate to me. If I needed clarification or had questions, the same chain would proceed in reverse. And then back again. Also, the Japanese actors that I worked with did not speak English. All their English lines were phonetically taught to them and they had a special guy on set to do only that. So improvisation was not really a thing on this set. The script had to be perfectly delivered or they would not know. When the Japanese guys mutter under their breath at me in a few scenes, I have no idea what they were saying. Interesting!


QUESTION: Before you retired in San Francisco and flew to Asia in 2014, what was your day job there before retiring?

 

GARY: I have been an actor my whole life in the U.S. My college degree was theater and I made my way to L.A. shortly after graduation. Basically in the 1970’s I was in LA, the 1980’s in New York and then San Francisco since 1990 until I left the States in 2014.
Of course, the life of a journeyman actor is sometimes not sufficient income to make a good life; so I have been a fine dining maitre’d, general manager, wine consultant -- and in San Francisco I did some commercial real estate brokerage on and off. All the while doing TV commercials, voice work, Silicon Valley corporate films, bit parts in L.A. movies shooting in San Francisco, etc.

So there you have it! You might want to ask about my ''Taiwan Immigration Gold Card.'' I am the first professional actor in Taiwan to ever receive the Gold Card -- and that has provided many advantages leading to me developing the work I am doing here.

QUESTION: Thank you Gary for taking the time to answer these questions. Congratuatlions of doing a great job in the movie. RERUNS of Part 1,2 and 3 in the series airs in Japan and in Taiwan on TV again on Saturdays, June 14, 21 and 28th at 8 pm in Tokyo and at 9 pm in Taipei.

GARY: Thank you for your interest in this!




Gary Gitchel
      SAG/AFTRA since 1978
BONUS EXTRA:
THE TV DRAMA THEME SONG, ENDING CREDITS in Japanese and with English translation:
"Connected Heart"
Lyrics: by Kumiko Tabuchi [translation by ''Mrs. Google'']
Born separately
To live together
Deeper than a bond
Hot thoughts
Golden wind  
Blowing on the green earth  
Thoughts connected  
Connected dreams
Oh, torn in the times
Washed away sadness  
Even if you lose everything do not forget  
You and I
Don't let go of each other's hands
A heart that will be connected forever
『つながる心』  作詞:田渕久美子
別々に生まれても
共に生きるのだと
絆より深くなる
熱い思い

金色の風
緑の大地に吹く
つながる思い
つながる夢

ああ、時代に引き裂かれ
押し流され
悲しみ
すべてをなくしても
忘れないで

あなたとわたしは
離さない 互いの手を
永久に つながる心を


MORE VIDEO OF SHOW HERE: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LbxhMaEgSZk

Cli-fi movement temporarily sidelined by pandemic news, but sure to rebound when time is right

See press release
Http://Cli-fi-books.blogspot.com

Saturday, May 23, 2020

Exploring Taiwan's Political Culture and Body Language for the Taking of ''Oaths of Office''

WHAT IS THE PROPER ARM SALUTE FOR TAKING AN OATH OF OFFICE IN COUNTRIES AROUND THE WORLD AND IN PARTICULAR IN TAIWAN? A friend in Germany posed this question. With special emphais on Taiwan's way of taking an oath of office for elected politicians nationwide. HAVE YOU EVER NOTICED THIS? SEE BELOW

First, two recent photos from the front page of Apple Daily newspaper on May 21, the day after the second inauguration of President Tsai on May 20 to illustrate what Jesper told me.

LETTER TO EDITOR IN TAIPEI TIMES 5/31
https://taipeitimes.com/News/editorials/archives/2020/05/31/2003737335

DEAR EDITOR:

RE: Oath of office gesture

Elected and unelected politicians and national leaders in Taiwan have sworn the oath of office with the right arm raised at a 45° angle for more than 70 years, first introduced by Chiang Kai-Shek (蔣介石) in 1949, according to photos of him online.
This Chinese Nationalist Party (KMT) oath of office gesture was then used by presidents Chiang Ching-kuo (蔣經國) and Lee Teng-hui (李登輝), according to photos available online.
The gesture has become so normalized in the course of 70 years that even Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) presidents Chen Shui-bian (陳水扁) and Tsai Ing-wen (蔡英文) used the same body language during their inaugurations without being aware that they were using a KMT political gesture, brought to Taiwan by Chiang.
However, Sun Yat-sen (孫逸仙), in photos available online, used the oath gesture of the right hand raised in the same way as politicians in Japan, Europe and the US take the oath of office.
Is it not time for the DPP to follow their own path and stop using the KMT oath of office gesture? The KMT can still use its own Chiang-inspired gesture, as it is part of KMT culture. However, the DPP needs to wake up and stop using the KMT oath gesture.
signed ''Anonymous''


MORE PHOTO LINKS:

https://english.president.gov.tw/Page/251

The Vice Presidential Oath of Office



The Presidential Oath of Office

If the current style of body language for taking an oath of office in Taiwan was created by Chiang Kai-shek in China and brought the 45 degree raised arm style to Taiwan in 1949 and then the style was used by the KMT for 50 years until the DPP win election in 2000 to 2008 and again in 2016 to 2024, should President Tsai now that she is aware of the KMT history of the oath gesture stop using it herself and ask all DPP politicians to stop using and start using the traditional oath gesture used in Europe and the USA and by Sun Yat-sen himself long ago? Will she be persuaded to change her ways, Jesper asked.


In Taiwan political culture, when politicians who take an ''oath of office'' as Tsai did on May 20, they raise right arm at 45 degree angle in what ''looks'' like to some foreign observers as a ''Nazi style" salute.

But that *cannot be the case as Taiwan has never had *anything to do with Nazi Germany of Hitler's time. Jesper sent me a photo of Tsai pictured in Apple daily front page. ''I've noticed this body language for oaths for many years as an friend and European observer of Taiwan," Jesper told me. I was shocked! Could it be true? I looked again at the photos he sent me.

''Maybe this kind of oath of office body language was learned during the Japanese occupation of Taiwan for 50 years since Japan was ally of Nazi Hitler but I doubt it, " Jesper wrote.

''Or from KMT culture, following the way Chiang Kai-shek and his son and Lee Teng-hui executed their oaths under KMT rule. Have you ever noticed this? It is bad ''optics'' in international media. What do you think? I can send u photo if you don't believe me," Jesper added.

Another friend, this one an older Taiwanese man in Taipei told Jesper re this brouhaha: "I have not noticed that ....but now that you mentioned it .....yes it seems what you said is true. This particular act could have ben started by the Chinese Nationalists KMT with those at the DPP following the precedents. So I am not sure about Taiwanese copying from the Japanese -- do Japanese take an oath of office with right hand at 45 degrees?"

"Suffice it to say if the 45 degrees angle signifies the Nazi fashion then we shouldn't follow the evil regime's practice. Symbolism does matter," Jesper said.

Jesper said he ''copied'' this issue and photos to a few acquaintances in Europe and Taiwan to see if anyone might know something.
''Taiwan was never a nation so it must have copied from the KMT or the Japanese, rather than its own making and intended to mimic the Nazi style," the elderly Taiwanese man told Jesper. "We'll see what the responses are. No matter what, I agree a person's rigjht arm should be raised perpendicularly at 90 degrees to avoid any misunderstanding in the international arena."
Jesper replied: "Yes I agree. Main thing is if enough people raise the issue, and without blaming anyone in particular because we don't know what happened in history to create this particular ROC oath of office  body language style, maybe things can change. Yes raising the right hand in a perpendicular way is key here."

Jesper is the first person to bring up this sensitive issue and he said that nobody in Taiwan really cares.
"It would be interesting if a newspaper or  blog in the Chinese language in Taiwan or overseas raised this issue just to explore it," Jesper said. "I wonder how the KMT and the DPP would react? If the Liberty Times or Apple Daily published an article in Chinese in Taipei it would get people thinking. But who would be brave enough to write it?"

Tuesday, March 10, 2020

🚨#journorequest🚨

🚨🚨 I'm writing an article on 10 up-and-coming cli-fi novelists (published or unpublished) to watch in 2020. I have 5 people on the list. I need 5 more to complete it. Do you know someone that you'd recommend? You? RSVP or email me at danbloom AT Gmail DOT com 🌎

Monday, March 9, 2020

Meet Dylan C: host of the Knight Reader podcast


Dylan C

10:33 AM (2 hours ago)
Reply
to me
Of course, I would love to answer any and all questions. You can also learn a lot about me on my linked in page, which i can send you the link of at the end of this email.
 
I am a parent, educator, and aspiring author, and dabble in many art forms, including sound design, podcast production, voice acting, multi instrumentalist, teacher and emotional development/music educator, and much more. The biggest thing i have going on at the moment is my podcast, which i host and produce by myself, called Knight Reader. It is a huge and central part of me and all that i do. It includes selfless promotion of incredible artists of all sorts, original music and voices, chats with authors, influencers, and readers from around the world. I also bring classic novels to life, such as Herman Melville's Moby Dick, with fully realized characters and themes for them all. I also provide in depth analysis that anyone can understand, and flesh the story out in a way that anyone can understand and ride along with! I really bring these books to life, and it is an endeavor i will never quit. I have many ambitions, some including non profits that i have attempted to start up, one being called "Books for Villages". In speaking with a small village in Belize, i learned that there are many young people there who love to read but do not have access to books or educational/art tools and supplies. This really spoke to me, and so i started the gofundme non profit for the cause last year. It has not picked up steam as of yet, though. As far as my writing journey, i have been reading and writing since a very young age, and have attempted writing stories for as long as i can remember. I entered and was included in the winners bracket of my first poetry contest when i was in fifth grade. I have been inspired greatly by authors and writers such as but not limited to, Richard Bach, Herman Melville, JK Rowling,  Edgar Allen Poe, Dylan Thomas, John Steinbeck, and more. Musically, i dabble in many genres and instruments, from classical, flamenco, to blues and country. I have volunteered for over a year in pre school level class rooms, teaching children about emotions and music. It has been very rewarding for me, personally. My day job consists of a job of acting/educating middle school children in San Fransisco, on the historical Hyde St. Pier. I work for the maritime museum of SF, where many ancient vessels are harbored. Every day a class of children visits for an overnight trip aboard an ancient vessel, where i act as a sailor from 1906, whilst educating them, teaching them life skills and so much more. It has been an absolutely incredible adventure for me! 
 
I have two children, both of which i had at a very young age, and though they both have their different special needs, my son is on the lower scale of the autism spectrum.
 
Being a young parent and working through these difficulties, learning, growing, and coping, have been the most difficult and special years of my life. I have been greatly inspired to write children's books, and parenting books, as well as very ambitious works of literary fiction that i would like to publish at some point. They vary greatly in subject and style, one of my works being based on my experiences growing up, and focusing on loss of faith and will to live. All of my future publications are still in the works, along with a great project with artists from all around the world. I am putting together collections of incredible art that flies under the radar, underappreciated artists that inspire me greatly, so much so, that i write poetry in theme of their art. I will be publishing this collection, which will be crowdfunded, some time late this year. I have yet to announce the title and crowd funding page. However, i plan to do so very soon, and i would be a great help to me if you could help spread that word, because in my heart my biggest goal is to inspire many. To change lives. To speak to souls young and old, to educate, and broaden horizons. To be a voice for the youth of today, and helping people get passed their apprehensions of creating their art, whatever it is. This is what my podcast and all that i do revolves around. I private publishing company will be publishing it, and i have not stuck with one yet. As i said, i will let you know the name and intended release very soon! My target audience varies greatly, but includes youth, young adults, young parents, parents of children with special needs and people with special needs.
 
For the collection of poetry and art, my target audience is the world. The book on Autism will be a parenting/children hybrid, meant to be read by both a child and a parent, to help better understand the family dynamic. The parenting ones will be picture books targeted at adults, and some of my picture books will be just for children. Thank you so much for letting me share myself with you, and i can answer any more questions you would like to know. I really appreciate you reaching out to me. Thank you so much, 
 
 
Dylan C, Knight Reader. 

Sunday, March 8, 2020

Is feel-bad TV exploiting popular fears about environmental and social disaster? By Cli-Fi Maven Lauren Carroll Harris in OZ on The Screen Show



''Is feel-bad TV exploiting popular fears about environmental and social disaster?'' asks a veteran TV critic in OZ

By Lauren Carroll Harris on The Screen Show
Lauren Carroll Harris on the island of Australia
@DrLaurenCH
TV critic #TheScreenShow, Thursdays, . I curate Prototype & write for , , , web.


She tweets: ''The Handmaid's Tale just began production on its fourth season having exhausted the plot of Atwood's original behind three series ago. The showrunner intends on ten seasons of this mother/hero's journey....good grief.''

LAUREN tweets to Aussie pal Mireille Juchau, cli-fi novelist and author of THE WORLD WITHOUT US after Mireille praised Lauren: ''This was terrific Lauren, thank you. I too have wondered why the climate crisis isn't appearing in TV drama (though The Commons addresses it). It's surely the backdrop to all our contemporary stories - no longer a dystopian future but a very real present...''

thank you! tbh The World Without Us would make for a more nuanced onscreen cli-fi (a term I just adore!) story than The Commons but I wouldn't want it subjected to the industrial storytelling practices of the prestige TV hellscape ;-)


Mireille Juchau then tells Lauren in a Tweet:
Ah! [My novel] is in the works [for a TV show], so fingers crossed.

The French Army is recruiting SF writers



https://www.nouvelobs.com/bibliobs/20200308.OBS25760/quand-l-armee-recrute-des-auteurs-de-science-fiction-pour-anticiper-sur-les-prochaines-guerres.html

Jean-Marc Ligny -- French cli-fi novelist NEWS:
ENGLISH TRANSLATION HERE: scroll down to see full French text, too:

"French sci-fi noveliist Jean-Marc Ligny has thus become the French representative of an emerging sub-genre that intends to give substance to ecological upheavals: climate fiction. »

The Obs magazine in France 
reported by Remi Royon in Paris

Born in 1956 in Paris, Jean-Marc Ligny published his first novel, Temps blanc, in 1979. He won the Prix de l'Imaginaire in 1997 for Inner city (J'ai lu), the Rosny-Aîné prize in 1999 for Jihad (L'Atalante) and in 2007 for Aqua TM (L'Atalante), and the Prix européens des Utopiales in 2013 for Exodes (L'Atalante). He lives and works in Brittany.

TEXT BEGINS:

It's true, there are models, forecasts, multi-year plans, curves, plans, objectives, reports and timetables. But if we project ourselves into 2050 or 2100, on one of these round but worrying dates, our gaze becomes blurred, the curves unravel, everything becomes fuzzy, soft and malleable. And so, at the end of June 2019, the employees of Eau de Paris, which supplies drinking water to three million people, saw a strange guy with long hair and rolled cigarettes arrive. Jean-Marc Ligny, that's his name, came to take part in a mini-seminar called "Foresight, science fiction and the future of water". It was hot, Paris was in the middle of a heat wave and the writer - author of about fifty SF and fantasy novels - used scary words with the precision of a librarian: "overpopulated Paris", "plundering of fire hydrants", "heat waves". With their heads in "Mad Max" and the reports of the IPCC, the participants quickly added to the catastrophe fiction. "Each time someone spoke, it was to evoke a new drama. What if the water was polluted by bacilli? What if we had to introduce rationing? "recalls Benjamin Gestin, the operator's managing director. At the end of the day, a dozen people wanted to continue the exercise, to clear the future, by signing up for a writing workshop led by Jean-Marc Ligny.
The choice of the man was not entirely random. In the world of SF, Ligny, 63, is identified as an author who "transforms the dryness of numbers into stories," says Roland Lehoucq, who presides over the Les Utopiales festival in Nantes. After trying to become a rock guitarist and then writing youth novels and big space operas, Ligny experienced an "anxiety-provoking" descent while reading the reports of the Giec. "In the 1950s, SF was marked by the prospect of a nuclear holocaust. But it was still a potential risk, a hazard, a weapon in human hands... Here, global warming is launched, massive, inevitable. The writing is changed: difficult to imagine ultra-technical futures on distant planets, when the viability of the Earth is no longer assured," he says at home, near Redon, in a shanty a little dark, packed on itself, heated with wood. Absorbing essays and scientific articles, Ligny has concocted a climate series in four acts. In Aqua TM (2006), he describes a planet with a degraded rainfall, prey to millennialist sects and voracious consortiums. Exodus (2012) is even more twilightly twilightly, although a Davos under a bell allows the elite to live in peace. Seeds (2015) marks the aftermath of the disaster, the human apogee being only a memory. Alliances, which appears these days, is a little more cheerful since there are still "oases and local microclimates" that "have allowed life to take shelter and even to develop"... Ligny has thus become the French representative of an emerging sub-genre, which intends to give substance to ecological upheavals: climate fiction.

The French Army is recruiting SF writers

Let's zoom out. While Ligny was learning about the albedo effect (the Earth's reflective power) or the fragility of the Dutch polders, something strange happened: economists, engineers and prospectors of all kinds lost their vista. Their indicators appeared too cramped and their recipes were outdated. Suddenly they were no longer trusted to talk about a turbulent future of forest fires, migration and rising waters, not to mention the terrifying tipping points (melting permafrost, stopping the Gulf Stream, etc.) that could create a radically different planet.
Faced with uncertainty, more and more institutions have turned to the imagination. Even the army has launched a public contract to recruit a "Red Team", a cell of writers responsible for "designing and rendering scenarios of adversity and threats for the period 2030 to 2060". The first "deliverables" should be ready by the end of the year: "Of course, we have teams that are wary of future threats.

What will the melting of the ice and the opening up of waterways in the Arctic change to the major geostrategic balances? How will droughts in the Sahel shape conflicts, etc.? We are also adapting our equipment to global warming or to the scarcity of certain resources," says the army.  But, in this case, the aim is to challenge this work with a different perspective. If a new Jules Verne could imagine threats that we hadn't thought of, we would be happy. "For authors like Ligny, who has proposed his candidacy, a new activity is opening up. A quick survey confirms the trend. Catherine Dufour, author of some fifteen novels: "It all started with the French Environment and Energy Management Agency: in 2014, they decided that I knew something about construction, about the materials of the future. Since then, I have been receiving requests every day for conferences, presentations, etc. I'm very happy with the results. "Claude Ecken, a writer based in Béziers: "For an association that brings together European landscapers, town planners and farmers, I have written about climate change in Provence. It's true, we are increasingly solicited, which in my opinion reflects the general embarrassment: institutions sometimes contact us as if we were going to come up with a miracle solution... "The CNRS, the Museum of Natural History, the National Agency for the Management of Radioactive Waste, and many others, have recently called on the SF.

Should French President Macron read SF?

Two years ago, a course entitled "Science fiction, a tool for thinking about the world and the future" was introduced at Sciences-Po. One of the teachers is Roland Lehoucq, who sees it as a way of acclimatizing elected officials to scientific issues they have little mastery of. "In addition to the problems of the world, SF, in addition to highlighting its moulds, shifts the cognitive frameworks, in the vein of 18th century philosophical tales, such as Voltaire's "Micromégas"," he points out, echoing Emmanuel Macron, who recently indicated that he does not read SF. In Hors des décombres du monde (Champ Vallon, 2018), Yannick Rumpala even goes so far as to write that "faced with a rhetorical confinement of reality in the absence of an alternative to the system that has become dominant", SF is a way of "reminding us that there is a plurality of possible futures".
Thus, one can imagine what would happen if we genetically modify elephants to make them produce energy (The Automaton Girl), what would be a green despotism (The Wess'har Wars), the reconversion of our infrastructures after the end of oil (Pacific Edge), a world based on low tech technologies (The Rising Wave), etc. SF makes us dream, explores ideas by stripping them of technical jargon, but can it open up avenues that would have eluded futurologists? The boss of Eau de Paris, a former literature teacher, is convinced of this. Reading the short stories written by his colleagues, Benjamin Gestin was surprised by the role given to religious sects or water mafias: "When we talk about drought, an engineer will think 'dimensioning'. How much water should we find? How many trucks to transport it? A SF author, for his part, will immediately pose the problem from the point of view of power and control: who decides how the resource is distributed? "This experience pushes him to work on the "governance" of water, for example with a "participatory budget".


Scientists are also interested in the contribution of SF. While preparing Seeds, Jean-Marc Ligny wrote to paleoclimatologist Valérie Masson-Delmotte, a member of the IPCC. She invited him to her lab in Gif-sur-Yvette. "It was fascinating. We talked about marine fauna, California, the degassing of permafrost... The scientists went wild. They're never encouraged like this to imagine the future world without epistemological precautions. "More recently, a dozen or so researcher-author pairs have come together for an anthology entitled "Our futures" (to be published in June). The result?" We lack the stories to make these futures, desired or suffered, our own. "Of course, this collaboration is not without friction. "Scientists tell stories in dotted lines or probabilities, but a story is not going to take you to a garden where there is an X% chance that a particular flower has disappeared," explains writer Catherine Dufour, who exchanges prickly e-mails with an INRA researcher in an attempt to understand which plants will survive in overheated cities. As for Ligny, he is working on CO2 capture and storage.  His partner, a geologist, is promoting this technology, which is "completely controllable", and which would make it possible to capture carbon dioxide at the outlet of industrial chimneys and bury it in the ground. Ligny is less convinced: "I imagined a distant future where carbon would come up from deep geological layers. Everybody has forgotten that it is stored there. The leak causes deaths, and the valley appears mysteriously cursed. »

Solutions to the world's problems

Listening to him, one thinks that his pessimism is a professional deformation. "It's easier to do a good "post apo" and make everything go to hell than to write utopias," he admits. Fearing that catastrophism will demobilize the troops, ecologists are taking part in Bright Mirror writing evenings to build "a bright future" ... Following the movement, Ligny bought an essay on "the hundred most effective solutions to fight global warming". In front of his computer, he shows the sketch of a forthcoming novel "turned towards solutions". He has imagined six tribes, six ways of looking at the world: technophiles who invent user-friendly tools, survivalists who bunker with freeze-dried boustifaille, primitivo-anarchists who return to the state of hunter-gatherers, etc. He has also imagined six tribes, six ways of looking at the world.

This attention to detail is all the more important as FS can migrate into the real world. In 2011, on behalf of a subcontractor of the Post Office, Ligny imagines a digitalized France where the postman becomes the only social link (monetized). The company has since launched the "Watch over my parents" service, based on "regular postman's visits and remote assistance".

Is there a cause and effect relationship? I don't know," says Ligny, "but I've been wondering.

"In the climate department, self-fulfilling prophecies are even scarier. The SF has always imagined other planets with liveable atmospheres. Today, geoengineering is about artificially controlling the climate. It is studying, with varying degrees of seriousness, the modification of the Earth's orbit, the spraying of nanoparticles to reflect the Sun's rays, the genetic engineering of humans to make them smaller and emit less CO2 (yes, yes). The flight of fancy may not be on the side we think it is.

END

L'Obs n°2887 05/03/2020
Rémi Royon
Published on March 6, 2020



 
 
 
FRENCH TEXT:

 
C’est vrai, il y a des modélisations, des prévisions, des planifications pluriannuelles, des courbes, des plans, des objectifs, des rapports et des calendriers. Mais si l'on se projette en 2050 ou en 2100, à l'une de ces dates rondes, mais inquiétantes, le regard se brouille, les courbes s'effilochent, tout devient flou, mou et malléable. Et c'est ainsi que, fin juin 2019, les salariés d'Eau de Paris, qui approvisionne en eau potable trois millions de personnes, ont vu débarquer un drôle de type, aux cheveux longs et aux cigarettes roulées. Jean-Marc Ligny, c'est son nom, venait  participer à un mini-séminaire baptisé « La prospective, la science-fiction et les lendemains de l'eau». Il faisait chaud, Paris était en pleine canicule et l'écrivain - auteur d'une cinquantaine de romans de SF et de fantasy a égrené des mots qui font peur avec une précision de bibliothécaire : « Paris surpeuplée », « pillage des bouches d’incendies », « chaleurs caniculaires ». La tête dans « Mad Max » et les rapports du Giec, les participants en ont vite rajouté dans la fiction catastrophe. « Chaque fois que quelqu’un prenait la parole, c’était pour évoquer un nouveau drame. Et si les eaux étaient polluées par des bacilles? Et si l'on devait instaurer un rationnement? » se souvient Benjamin Gestin, le directeur général de l'opérateur. A l'issue de la journée, une douzaine de personnes ont voulu poursuivrel'exercice, débroussailler le futur, en s'inscrivant à un atelier d'écriture animé par Jean-Marc Ligny.
Le choix du bonhomme ne tenait pas tout à fait au hasard. Dans l'univers de la SF, Ligny, 63 ans, est identifié comme un auteur qui « transforme la sécheresse des nombres en histoires», dixit Roland Lehoucq, qui préside à Nantes le festival Les Utopiales. Après avoir tenté de devenir guitariste rock puis écrit des romans jeunesse et de bon gros space operas, Ligny a connu une descente « anxiogène » en lisant les rapports du Giec. « Dans les années 1950, la SF était marquée par la perspective d'un holocauste nucléaire. Mais cela restait un risque potentiel, un aléa, une arme entre les mains d'humain… Là, le réchauffement est lancé, massif, inévitable. L'écriture en est modifiée : difficile d'imaginer des futurs ultra-technicisés, sur des planètes lointaines, quand la viabilité de la Terre n'est plus assurée », raconte-t-il chez lui, près de Redon, dans une bicoque un peu sombre, tassée sur elle-même, chauffée au bois. Absorbant essais et articles scientifiques, Ligny a concocté une série climatique en quatre actes. Dans Aqua TM (2006), il décrit une planète à la pluviométrie déglinguée, en proie à des sectes millénaristes et des consortiums voraces. Exodes (2012) est plus crépusculaire encore, même si un Davos sous cloche permet à l'élite de vivre au calme. Semences (2015) marque l'après-catastrophe, l'apogée humain n'étant plus qu'un souvenir. Alliances, qui paraît ces jours-ci, est un poil plus joyeux puisqu'il reste des « oasis et des microclimats locaux » qui « ont permis à la vie de s'abriter, voire de se développer »... Ligny est ainsi devenu le représentant français d'un sous-genre émergent, qui entend donner corps aux bouleversements écologiques : la climate fiction.
 
Armée française recrute écrivains
Dézoomons. Pendant que Ligny se renseignait sur l'effet albédo (le pouvoir réfléchissant de la Terre) ou la fragilité des polders néerlandais, quelque chose d'étrange s'est produit : les économistes, ingénieurs et prospectivistes de toutes sortes ont perdu leur vista. Leurs indicateurs sont apparus trop cravatés, leurs recettes éculées. Soudain, on ne leur faisait plus confiance pour parler d'un avenir agité de feux de forêt, de migrations et de montée des eaux, sans compter les terrifiants points de bascule (fonte du permafrost, arrêt du Gulf Stream, etc.) qui pourraient créer une planète radicalement différente.
Confrontées à l'incertitude, de plus en plus d'institutions se sont tournées vers l'imaginaire. Même l'armée a lancé un marché public pour recruter une « Red Team », une cellule d'écrivains, chargée de « concevoir et restituer des scénarios d 'adversité et de menaces à l'horizon 2030 à 2060 ». Des premiers « livrables » doivent être prêts pour la fin de l'année : « Nous avons bien sûr des équipes qui réfiéchissent aux menaces futures. Qu'est- ce que la fonte des glaces et l'ouverture de voies navigables en Arctique va changer aux grands équilibres géostratégiques ? Comment les sécheresses au Sahel vont-elles modeler les conflits, etc. ? Nous adaptons aussi nos matériels au réchauffement ou à la rareté de certaines ressources, résume-t-on du côté de l'armée.  Mais, en l'espèce, l'objectif est de challenger ces travaux avec un autre regard. Si un nouveau Jules Verne pouvait imaginer des menaces auxquelles nous n'avons pas pensé, nous serions contents. » Pour les auteurs comme Ligny, qui a proposé sa candidature, une nouvelle activité s'ouvre. Un rapide coup de sonde confirme la tendance. Catherine Dufour, auteure d'une quinzaine de romans : « Ça a commencé avec l’Agence de l'Environnement et de la Maîtrise de l'Energie : en 2014, ils ont décidé que je m'y connaissais en construction, en matériaux du futur. Depuis, je reçois tous les jours des sollicitations pour des colloques, des interventions, etc. » Claude Ecken, écrivain basé à Béziers : « Pour une association qui réunit des paysagistes, urbanistes et agriculteurs européens, j'ai mis en récit l'évolution climatique de la Provence. C'est vrai, nous sommes de plus en plus sollicités, ce qui traduit à mon sens l'embarras général : les institutions nous contactent parfois comme si nous allions dégainer une solution miracle... » Le CNRS, le Muséum d'Histoire naturelle, l’Agence nationale pour la Gestion des Déchets radioactifs, et plein d'autres, ont récemment fait appel à la SF.
 
Macron devrait-il lire de la SF
Il y a deux ans, un cours intitulé « La science-fiction, outil pour penser le monde et envisager l'avenir » a été introduit à Sciences-Po. L'un des enseignants est Roland Lehoucq, qui y voit une façon d'acclimater les élus à des enjeux scientifiques qu'ils maîtrisent peu. « La SF, outre les problèmes du monde, met en relief ses  moisissures, déplace les cadres cognitifs, dans la veine des contes philosophiques du XVIIIe siècle, comme le "Micromégas" de Voltaire », souligne-t-il comme en écho à Emmanuel Macron, qui a récemment fait savoir qu'il ne lisait pas de SF. Dans Hors des décombres du monde (Champ Vallon, 2018), Yannick Rumpala va même jusqu'à écrire que « face à un enfermement rhétorique du réel dans une absence d'alternative au système devenu dominant », la SF est une manière de « rappeler qu'il y a une pluralité de futurs envisageables ».
Ainsi, on peut imaginer ce qui se passerait si nous modifions génétiquement des éléphants pour leur faire produire de l'énergie (La Fille automate), ce que serait un despotisme vert (Les Guerres Wess'har), la reconversion de nos infrastructures après la fin du pétrole (Pacific Edge), un monde fondé sur des technologies low tech (La Vague montante), etc. La SF fait rêver, explore des idées en les dépouillant du jargon technique, mais peut-elle dégager des pistes qui auraient échappé aux futurologues ? Le patron d'Eau de Paris, ancien prof de lettres, en est persuadé. En lisant les nouvelles écrites par ses collègues, Benjamin Gestin a été surpris du rôle donné à des sectes religieuses ou à des mafias de l'eau : « Lorsqu'on évoque la sécheresse, un ingénieur va penser "dimensionnement". Quel volume d'eau doit-on trouver ? Combien de camions pour l'acheminement ? Un auteur de SF, lui, va tout de suite poser le problème sous l'angle du pouvoir, du contrôle : qui décide comment la ressource est distribuée ? » Cette expérience le pousse à travailler sur la « gouvernance » de l'eau, par exemple avec « un budget participatif ».
L'apport de la SF intéresse aussi les scientifiques. Alors qu'il préparait Semences, Jean-Marc Ligny a écrit à la paléoclimatologue Valérie Masson-Delmotte, membre du Giec. Celle-ci l'a invité dans son labo de Gif-sur-Yvette. « C'était fascinant. On a parlé de la faune marine, de la Californie, du dégazage du permafrost… Les scientifiques se sont lâchés. Jamais ils ne sont encouragés, comme cela, à imaginer le monde futur en laissant tomber les précautions épistémologiques. » Plus récemment, une dizaine de binômes chercheurs-auteurs se sont réunis pour une anthologie baptisée « Nos futurs » (publication prévue en juin). Le constat ? « Nous manquons de récits pour nous approprier ces futurs, souhaités ou subis. » Bien sûr, cette collaboration ne va pas sans frictions. « Les scientifiques racontent en pointillé ou en probabilités , mais un récit ne va pas vous emmener dans un jardin où il y a X% de chances que telle fleur ait disparu », explique l'écrivaine Catherine Dufour, qui échange des e-mails piquants avec un chercheur de l'Inra pour tenter de comprendre quelles plantes subsisteront dans des villes surchauffées. Quant à Ligny, il travaille sur le captage et stockage du CO2.  Sa binôme, géologue, promeut cette technologie, « tout à fait maîtrisable », qui permettrait de piéger le dioxyde de carbone à la sortie des cheminées industrielles, et de l'enfouir dans le sol. Ligny est moins convaincu : «  J'ai imaginé un futur lointain où le carbone remonte depuis les couches géologiques profondes. Tout le monde a oublié qu'il était stocké là. La fuite provoque des morts, et la vallée apparaît mystérieusement maudite. »
 
Des solutions aux problèmes de la planète
À l'écouter, on se dit que son pessimisme relève de la déformation professionnelle. « Il est plus facile de faire un bon "post apo" et de tout déglinguer que d'écrire des utopies », reconnaît-il. Craignant que le catastrophisme démobilise les troupes, des écolos participent d'ailleurs à des soirées d'écriture Bright Mirror pour construire « un avenir lumineux »... Suivant le mouvement, Ligny a acheté un essai sur « les cent solutions les plus efficaces pour lutter contre le réchauffement climatique ». Devant son ordinateur, il montre l'esquisse d'un prochain roman « tourné vers les solutions ». Il a imaginé six tribus, six façons d'appréhender le monde : des technophiles qui inventent des outils conviviaux, des survivalistes qui se bunkérisent avec de la boustifaille lyophilisée, des primitivo-anarchistes qui reviennent à l'état de chasseurs-cueilleurs, etc.
Cette attention aux détails est d'autant plus importante que la SF peut migrer dans la réalité. En 2011, pour le compte d'un sous-traitant de La Poste, Ligny imagine une France numérisée où le facteur devient le seul lien social (monétisé). L'entreprise a depuis lancé le service « Veiller sur mes parents », fondé sur « les visites régulières du facteur et la téléassistance ». Y a-t-il un lien de cause à effet? « Je n'en sais rien, dit Ligny, mais je me suis posé la question. » Au rayon climat, les prophéties autoréalisatrices sont encore plus flippantes. Depuis toujours, la SF imagine doter d'autres planètes d'une atmosphère vivable. Aujourd'hui, la géo-ingénierie veut contrôler artificiellement le climat. Elle étudie, avec plus ou moins de sérieux, la  modification de l'orbite terrestre, la pulvérisation de nanoparticules pour réfléchir les rayons du Soleil, le bricolage génétique des humains pour qu'ils soient plus petits et émettent moins de CO2 (oui, oui). La fuite dans l'imaginaire n'est peut-être pas du côté que l'on croit.

L’Obs n°2887 05/03/2020
by Rémi Royon
Publié le 6 mars 2020